Sharing Publication-Related Data and Materials: Responsibilities of Authorship in the Life Sciences
Publishers’ Brief - February 2003
The National Research Council committee on responsibilities of authorship in the biological sciences, of which I was a Member, found that the life-sciences community (= biology + clinical medicine) possesses commonly held ideas and values about the role of publication in the scientific process. These are broadly articulated by the UPSIDE principle within the report which was published on February 7th 2003. In addition the report identified Principles and Recommendations for sharing publication related data and materials many of which have a bearing on scientific and medical publishers.
The publication of experimental results and sharing of research materials related to those results are key elements in scientific communication. While largely unwritten, the community's expectations of authors are a reflection of the value of the publication process to the life-sciences community. The central role of publication in science also explains its value to scientists who want to publish their findings. The arena of publication is where participants in the research enterprise share, and are recognized for, their contributions to science.
Journals play a central role in the process of scientific communication and the sections of the report that have key implications for publishers and Editors are shown with an * below.
Principles emerging from the report cover the following areas related to publication, *data and software, deposition of data in * public repositories, and availability of *materials.
Recommendations put forward in the report cover each of the following:
Who has a policy?
Analysis of the policies of 56 most highly cited life science and medical journals
Percentage of journals
Type of Policy
|
All
Journals
(N= 56)
|
Society or Association
Publishers
(N=37)
|
Commercial
Publishers
(N=19)
|
Life Sciences
Journals
(N=38)
|
Clinical-
Medicine
Journals
(N=18)
|
Sharing materials
|
39 %
|
30 %
|
58 %
|
47 %
|
22 %
|
Sharing software
|
2
|
0
|
5
|
3
|
0
|
Depositing data
|
41
|
35
|
58
|
53
|
17
|
Statement of consequences
|
2
|
3
|
0
|
0
|
6
|
Whom to contact
|
4
|
3
|
5
|
3
|
6
|
No policy
|
45
|
49
|
42
|
32
|
72
|
Journals were identified from the Institute for Scientific Information Journal Citation Reports in the life sciences and medicine. The output was sorted by impact factor; review journals were excluded. The policies of the top 56 journals (as found on their Web pages) were the basis for the table. Percentages were rounded to whole numbers.
See the full report at: books.nap.edu/books/0309088593/html/R1.html#pagetop
“Universal adherence, without exception, to a principle of full disclosure and unrestricted access to data and materials that are central or integral to published findings will promote cooperation and prevent divisiveness in the scientific community, maintain the value and prestige of publication, and promote the progress of science.”
|